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Theory and Practice of Physical Culture and Sports

Article

Scientific and methodological approaches to optimisation of training load based on the psychophysiological state of athletes (on the example of boxing and kickboxing)

Viktor Aksiutin
Retrieved from Vol. 4, No. 1, 2025 Pages 41–52
Received
05.01.2025
Revised
30.04.2025
Accepted
23.06.2025
Views
521

Abstract

The aim of the study was to develop scientific and methodological approaches to optimising training load, taking into account the psychophysiological state of athletes using the example of boxing and kickboxing. The methodology was based on analysis, which allowed to identify psychophysiological indicators, synthesis, which was used to build a closed-loop model of “state – load – response”, comparison, which provided a comparison of styles and protocols, generalisation, which determined the principles of individualisation, induction, which revealed typical threshold solutions, and deduction, which checked their logical consistency in training scenarios. On this basis, practical recommendations were formed on the zonal logic of load correction and a roadmap for implementation in the training of boxers and kickboxers. The results of the study found that heart rate variability below the individual 20th percentile was regarded as a signal to reduce training intensity and extend rest intervals. The analysis showed that the optimal monitoring organisation included daily morning recordings lasting about 5 minutes; cognitive tests of simple and selective response (2-5 min) were performed 2-3 times a week; neuromuscular tests were performed 2 times a week on the days of key stimuli. In the pre-competitive period, discrete control of readiness at time points -72, -48, -24, -12 and -2 hours before the start was effective. Additionally, it was found that inter-round intervals (60 seconds) were appropriate for “quick recording” of heart rate (30/60 seconds) and ultra-short cognitive tests lasting 10-15 seconds with 6-8 stimuli. The combination of these procedures provided multi-level control of the athletes’ condition and made it possible to adjust the load parameters in a timely manner. The results obtained have summarised and structured a system for monitoring and correcting training load in boxing and kickboxing, which included quantitative thresholds, measurement protocols and action algorithms. The proposed system can be used by coaches, sports scientists and training specialists to optimise loads, prevent overfatigue and increase the efficiency of the training process

Keywords

heart rate variability; latency; adaptation; neuromuscular readiness; recovery; zonal interpretation; cognitive-sensory motor tests

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Suggested citation

Aksiutin, V. (2025). Scientific and methodological approaches to optimisation of training load based on the psychophysiological state of athletes (on the example of boxing and kickboxing). Theory and Practice of Physical Culture and Sports, 4(1), 41-52. https://doi.org/10.69587/tppcs/1.2025.41